Analysis of Q1 2014 cable, satellite and telco numbers

I’ve been gathering data on the major US cable, satellite and telecoms providers for the last few weeks, as they’ve been reporting earnings. This post compares their consumer financials – revenues, profits, ARPU, as well as their subscriber growth (shrinkage), and draws conclusions about the state of the market and prospects of individual players. It also provides some analysis of the likely impact of the announced merger between Comcast and Time Warner Cable and the rumored merger between AT&T and DirecTV.

A full set of diagrams and charts in addition to analysis is available in this slide deck on SlideShare (which is also embedded below).

Continue reading

Apple & Beats

In what must be an enormously frustrating development for Apple PR, rumors of Apple acquiring Beats for around $3.2 billion broke last night on the Financial Times website. I say frustrating, because if there’s one company that likes to control the message on a new announcement, it’s Apple. And it’s so hard to evaluate this deal without all the details – to my mind, we’re missing three crucial bits of information (besides official confirmation that a deal has been done): the actual price, and the currency (i.e. cash, stock etc), Beats’ financials (helping to know whether the valuation is reasonable) and the strategic rationale. The rumor is that the price is $3.2 billion, but there are no details on the currency. There have been rumors about Beats’ financials, but nothing official from the company itself. And it’s the last point – the strategic rationale – that has everyone scratching their heads.

I don’t have any inside information on any of these three questions, but I thought I’d share a few data points by way of illustrating possible reasons for the deal.

Digital content sales are declining

Firstly, what’s been happening to Apple’s digital content business over the last couple of years. I’ve excerpted the relevant sentence(s) from the company’s SEC filings, and there’s a clear trend emerging:

Apple digital content remarks from SEC filings Continue reading

Beehive Startups podcast

I had the pleasure of joining the regulars on the Beehive Startups podcast last week for their latest episode. Beehive Startups is a local effort to profile and cover startups here in Utah, and it was fun to do this one in person rather than by Skype. Clint Betts and Mike Templeman talk about the broader tech industry as well as Utah-specific topics on the podcast, so it’s a good mix. A full description of the episode is on the episode page, but among other things we talked about:

  • Vurb – a search engine startup
  • Automattic – creators of WordPress
  • The Samsung/Apple court case
  • Fred Wilson’s recent comments on Apple in 2020

The episode is well worth a listen, and at 28 minutes mercifully short. And if you’re into the tech scene in Utah, you should subscribe. I’m looking forward to joining them again soon.

Techpinions Podcast Episode 2

I had the pleasure of recording the second episode of the new Techpinions podcast with Bob O’Donnell and Ben Bajarin on Friday, and the podcast went up on Saturday May 3rd. The podcast focused mostly on Amazon’s potential entry into the smartphone market, and we mentioned a few things on the podcast which I thought would be worth linking to.

  • First off, Ben’s post from this week on Amazon’s smartphone potential
  • Bob referred to this chart I shared earlier this week about the upgrade rate for smartphones among the major US carriers – it’s the second one from the bottom on this piece (more analysis on some of these numbers here)
  • My earlier Techpinions post on the potential impact of changing device subsidy models and how it might hurt carriers on the one hand, and help certain OEMs on the other
  • A tweet from a week or two ago about Amazon’s testing of installment plans for Kindles
  • You can see the number of apps on the Amazon Appstore for Android which are tablet vs. phone optimized about one scroll down in the left sidebar

I’m excited about the Techpinions podcast, because it will give the varied group of people that write for Techpinions an interesting new channel for sharing their views and insight. I’m looking forward to doing future episodes from time to time too.

US Wireless market analysis Q1 2014

This analysis is based on the data from US wireless operators’ earnings for Q1 2014. You can see a set of data published previously here, or a fuller set of data on Slideshare here. The deck is also embedded below:

Scale

The US wireless market continues to be a game of four sets of players: AT&T and Verizon, Sprint and T-Mobile, Tracfone, and everyone else. The “everyone else” set is thinning out rapidly as more and more of the smaller regional carriers are snapped up by the bigger carriers, including Leap and MetroPCS in the last few months. Tracfone is included in the analysis here because it’s significant in scale, with as many prepaid subscribers as T-Mobile has postpaid subscribers, but of course its business model is entirely different as an MVNO. It is therefore excluded from a number of the comparisons below, either because they’re not meaningful or because Tracfone provides only limited data, as a subsidiary of America Movil. The revenues and total subscribers charts below are good illustrations of the scale differences between the three groups we’ll look at: Continue reading

Thoughts on Twitter earnings for Q1 2014

This is the latest in a series on major tech companies’ earnings for Q1 2014. As with the others, I won’t aim to be comprehensive, but rather to pull out some key figures and draw some conclusions from them.

As with Facebook, I borrow Twitter’s own three-part approach to growth to gauge these companies’ potential, in a sort of scorecard. In each case, I try to use the metrics the companies themselves provide in these three categories: user growth, engagement and monetization. Below is my growth scorecard for Twitter:

Twitter growth scorecard

The biggest difference between Facebook and Twitter in this regard is engagement. Whereas Facebook’s measure of engagement (DAUs as a % of MAUs) is rising globally and in all regions, the main metric Twitter offers – timeline views per user – is falling. Now, there’s apparently a good reason for this – Twitter changed the way certain features work in its mobile app, and that led to fewer timeline views recorded for similar levels of engagement. But as long as this is the (only) metric Twitter consistently provides to measure engagement, it’s going to get beaten up over it. Continue reading

Thoughts on Amazon earnings for Q1 2014

Amazon’s earnings are sort of the opposite of Microsoft’s: whereas Microsoft’s earnings and especially its 10-Q are packed full of little nuggets and details that you can tease out, Amazon’s earnings are about as sparse as Google’s in terms of finding interesting details. But there’s still some interesting stuff, and I’ve done my best to tease out some of the more meaningful bits below. As a reminder, this is one of a series of posts about major tech companies’ Q1 earnings – you can see them all here.

Profits and growth

The first thing that strikes you when you look at Amazon’s results is how amazingly small its operating margins are compared to all the other leading tech companies. When you plot revenue and operating profit on the same chart, you almost can’t even see the operating profit bars because they’re so small. It wasn’t always quite this bad, though: Amazon long-term marginsThere was a time when Amazon regularly generated 4-6% operating margins (still low by the standards of its peers) but over the last couple of years it’s settled into a very consistent 1% operating margin over 4 quarters. On the other hand, look at that growth line – there’s no other company that grows so consistently and sharply at this scale in the tech industry. This chart perfectly captures Amazon’s current strategy: very high growth at 1% operating margins, with the low margins caused by massive investment in the infrastructure necessary to drive growth. It very much feels as though Amazon recognizes that there’s a limited window of opportunity for it to build the sort of scale and infrastructure necessary to dominate e-commerce before anyone else does, and it’s scraping by with minimal margins in order to capture as much as possible of that opportunity before it closes. Continue reading

Thoughts on Microsoft’s earnings for Q1 2014

The next company in my series of “thoughts on earnings” pieces (see Google here, Apple here and Facebook here) is Microsoft. I’ll be doing something on Amazon next, most likely. Microsoft is a complicated business, with many parts to it, so I’ll focus mostly on the things I think most people overlook, because they’re rather buried in the earnings release or even the 10-Q. This involves making some estimates, calculations and assumptions, as well as interpolation, so please understand that many of the numbers are my best guesses rather than those reported by Microsoft (I try to be clear on which is which in each case).

Long story short: for all Microsoft’s talk about Mobile and Cloud, those two categories likely generate under 10% of Microsoft’s revenue today – something I’ll return to in the conclusion at the end of this post.

Windows Phone

First, Windows Phone. I’ve written at length before about the methodology used here, but we got another couple of quarters’ worth of solid data so I’m providing some quick numbers off the back of that.

Microsoft Windows Phone revenueThe key thing to note here is that, other than in the fourth quarter, this number stays a little under $400 million a quarter. And it’s worth reminding everyone that this number is not just Windows Phone licensing itself but also the rest of Microsoft’s mobile licensing activity (think patents licensed to Android OEMs). As such, as Microsoft executes on its new policy of not charging OEMs for Windows for devices under 9 inches, there’s only a very small amount of revenue at risk – likely $100-200 million per quarter. And of course Nokia was paying about 90% of that anyway, so it would have become an internal transfer starting today. Continue reading

Thoughts on Facebook Q1 2014 earnings

Along with Apple’s earnings yesterday, which I commented on here, Facebook also announced its results for the first quarter of 2014. Here are a few charts and thoughts on Facebook’s results and its overall trajectory.

Firstly, my Growth Scorecard for Facebook. This builds on the analysis I shared in this blog post on Techpinions a while back. I that piece, I argued that essentially all ad-based online businesses need to pull three levers to grow revenues:

  • Growing the overall user base
  • Growing user engagement – frequency of use or time spent
  • Growing revenue per user.

The first lever is the one most companies start with – driving user growth is often the primary focus of a startup long before it even thinks about monetization, but the theory goes that if you have enough eyeballs you’ll find a way to monetize them. At the same time, simply getting someone to create a username and password is no good unless you get them to engage regularly and meaningfully with your site. That’s key to monetization as well – a user that never uses your site or app will never encounter any ads and as such won’t make you money. And then there’s the revenue model as well, which will be driven by ads of one kind or another. So here’s the growth scorecard for Facebook in Q1, showing a key metric for each of these three areas:

Facebook growth scorecard

 

Now, let’s drill down into those three elements: Continue reading

Thoughts on Apple’s Q2 FY 2014 earnings

Apple’s earnings were out today, and so I thought I’d do a quick run-down of some of the most interesting numbers, as I did for Google last week. Time permitting, I’ll do this for some of the other major tech companies as they report too. Some of what’s below is based on stuff Apple explicitly reports, while the rest is based on calculations and assumptions. I’ll try to be very clear about which is which.

Hardware

First, Apple’s hardware lines. Because Apple’s numbers are so cyclical in nature, I try to use both year on year growth and 4-quarter trailing numbers to make comparisons more meaningful and to better tease out long-term trends. Here, then, is year on year 4-quarter trailing revenue growth for the four major hardware product lines:

Growth rates for 4 major Apple product lines

The obvious trend is down and to the right, though it’s a bit more nuanced than that. But iPod is clearly very much in decline at this point, and it’s reasonable to speculate how much longer it will stick around. But iPhone growth has clearly slowed enormously too, as the law of large numbers kicks in, and as key markets approach saturation. However, iPhone growth actually ticked up this quarter after consistent declines for several quarters before that, suggesting that growth in China, Japan and other both emerging and developed markets helped to turn things around a bit. It’ll be very interesting to watch this number going forward. The Mac line has also recovered a bit in the last couple of quarters. Continue reading